The Year that Changed Mel...And China

Melville Jacoby's interest in China can be traced back to 1936. That year and into 1937, during what would have been Mel's junior year at Stanford University, he went to China as an exchange student. There, he studied in the southern port city of Canton (that was the English transliteration of the time; it is now commonly transliterated as Guangzhou). He joined other American and Chinese students on the campus of Lingnan University (which still exists in another form in Hong Kong, while its original campus remains as part of Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou).

The year was as transformative for China as it was for Mel. That December, China's then leader, Chiang Kai-Shek (Jiang Jieshi) was kidnapped and held under house arrest near the city of Sian (Xi'an), leaving Chinese politics in a lurch. Though the crisis was resolved two weeks later with new (temporary) cooperation between Chinese communists and Chiang's Kuomintang (Guomindang) Party, by the summer of 1937 China went to war with Japan. Mel was there when the fighting began, and the conflict that became World War II would dominate the rest of his life and work.

But Mel was also a fairly typical 20-year-old student when he was at Lingnan, and the following pictures depict the life of a western student at Lingnan, as well as some of what Mel saw in surrounding regions of China. To see more pictures, click on the "Images of the Past" button in the menu and choose a portion of Mel's life.

Read more about Mel's story today in Eve of a Hundred Midnights, available now!

Motion Picture Treat: "When The Whole World Is So Upset"

For the first time ever I'm able to share a movie of Melville Jacoby himself!

On Jan. 8, 1941, Melville Jacoby was on a boat from China bound for Manila and, eventually, to the United States. He had just finished a year's work as a stringer in China and the region then called Indochina. There, in the city of Haiphong (a part of modern-day Vietnam), Mel had been arrested and briefly detained by the Japanese, who'd accused him of being a spy. As he traveled back to the United States, he wrote a moving letter to his Mother in which he attempted to reassure her about the risks he'd taken in the previous year.

Listen to excerpts from that letter as you watch this video, which features snippets of Mel when he was a young man in China. This is just a minute's worth of footage from the more than an hour and a half of Mel's films that have been digitized. Your contributions make it possible for me to find and process these amazing artifacts. They allow me to present a richer version of Mel's story and the way they show a young man laughing with friends and capturing his wonder at the places he saw humanize him as well. If you haven't yet, please contribute today.

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Meet Marie

There were other romances for Melville Jacoby before he and Annalee Whitmore escaped the Philippines as newlyweds. This shouldn't surprise most of you. Many have remarked about Mel's good looks, and photos of him certainly seem to excite the Tumblr set. Saying Mel was dashing might be superficial, but it's no less true. Of course, it's tough not to allow our contemporary nostalgia for all things vintage to enhance Mel's charm. Nevertheless, he was handsome.

Though Annalee was the woman who finally won Mel's heart, others came first. After a visit to Hong Kong in early 1937, for example, Mel wrote about a date "with two girls Sunday night one of them was a more modern Chinese girl." Mel proceeded to remark how Hong Kong girls were more modern than those around his college in Lingnan; then he bragged about swimming at the Lido twice, including "Once at one A.M. in the moonlight." Modernity indeed.

But Mel had more than dates. Two women stand out in particular: Marie (Seen above) and Shirlee (a college sweetheart who I'll introduce in another post).

Marie was the daughter of a wealthy Portuguese colonist who had many Chinese wives. Mel first met her on a holiday vacation during his year at Lingnan University. He'd befriended a man named Carlos at a pilot school in Hong Kong. Carlos, in turn, invited Mel and some other exchange students for what Mel describes in one letter as a "big four day party."

In those four days, Mel met Carlos's 18 sisters. Among them was Marie. Over the ensuing months and weeks, Mel's letters evolve from mentions of a "very nice looking friend" who telegrams Mel to visit Macau for the weekend, to references to his "girlfriend." The exchanges ensue as Mel accepts more invitations to Macau, though some are also from his friend Carlos, who he admires very much.

"Did so and again was the victim of hospitality, one or two parties and such," he wrote to his parents(I continue to be struck by his candor in his correspondence with them). "Arrived on campus at six a.m. and read your letters in my seven o'clock class."

It certainly is a unique relationship. Though Mel gladly visits, their dates must be chaperoned. And chaperoned they are ... by all seven of Marie's "mothers." Each of the wives of Marie's father accompany the couple on their dates.

None of this dissuades Mel, and by the time his exchange program wraps up in June, 1937, he considers bringing Marie with him back to the United States. But in his description of his decision not to do so we see a troubling hint at the casual prejudices of Mel's era, prejudices that Mel himself can't escape.

"Had lots of fun taking her out spending money and everything," Mel writes to his mother and stepfather. "Thought about taking her home and putting her in pictures but decided stepping off the gangplank in U.S. with her on my arm might cause considerable consternation among my closest relatives."

It's too bad to realize that Mel's relatives -- my relatives -- might be so troubled by the thought of Mel becoming serious with a half-Chinese woman, and it's even more troubling that Mel himself succumbed to such concerns. Sadly, such hesitations were not isolated to Mel or his family but were a reality of their era.

But even that sentiment is my interpretation of a small part of Mel's correspondence, much of which reveals a growing infatuation with Marie. In future posts and in the book itself, I hope to offer more about Marie (indeed, I have one special treat planned). I'll also, of course, introduce Shirlee as well. If you don't want to miss these or other posts, please subscribe to email updates or this blog's RSS feeds if you haven't already.

For now I"ll leave you with the note Marie left for Mel the day he left after his exchange program.